FULL REFERENCE: Tiko, L. and Mosen. J. (2026). Advancing climate-smart pedagogies in Fiji’s early childhood education and development. NZ International Research in Early Childhood Education Journal, 28(1), 6-19.
ABSTRACT: This commentary explores the imperative of embedding climate-smart education within Fiji’s Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED) sector, in response to the nation’s increasing vulnerability to climate change. It critically examines current ECED policies and practices, highlighting gaps in climate responsiveness and the need for locally grounded solutions. Drawing on Indigenous Fijian knowledge systems, including vanua-centered pedagogies (context-centered) and the Framework of Gifting Knowledge, the commentary advocates for a culturally relevant and climate-conscious approach to early education. It argues that empowering Fijian educators and communities to lead climate-smart ECED initiatives is essential for fostering resilience among young children. The commentary also critiques the reliance on external agencies and calls for a shift towards Fijian/Pacific-led strategies that align with Fiji’s national development goals and cultural values. By centering Indigenous epistemologies and climate justice, this paper contributes to the discourse on sustainable and equitable early childhood education in small island developing states.
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Key words: Climate-smart education, Indigenous epistemologies, Pacific-led resilience, climate change, child health, place-based education, nature-based, teacher education.
INTRODUCTION: Fiji, like many Pacific Island nations, faces significant climate vulnerabilities, including rising sea levels, severe weather events, and ecosystem changes that directly affect communities and children (Janif et al., 2016; IPCC, 2021). In this context, Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED) plays a vital role in building climate resilience and adaptive capacity. However, Fiji’s ECED policies and practices have yet to fully adopt climate-smart education frameworks that are both culturally grounded and locally driven (UNESCO, n.d.; Hemstock et al., 2020).
This commentary advocates reimagining ECED in Fiji by integrating climate-conscious pedagogy informed by Indigenous knowledge systems, such as vanua-centered learning and traditional ecological knowledge (Ali et al., 2025; Vunibola et al., 2024). It criticises reliance on external models and promotes a shift toward Pacific-led approaches that support Fiji’s development objectives, including the Climate Change Act 2021 and the Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific. By emphasising Indigenous epistemologies and community engagement, climate-smart ECED can serve as a transformative tool for fostering sustainable futures in Fiji.